PSG has now claimed the prestigious trophy on fourteen separate times.
The Parisian giants needed a stoppage-time leveler followed by a successful penalty shootout to get past their arch-rivals in Kuwait and secure a fourth straight French Super Cup victory.
The European champions appeared to be coasting towards a comfortable win in the match featuring the French league champions and the French Cup winners after the French winger opened the net in the opening stages.
Yet, the southern French side fired two times late to take a shock lead. Initially, Mason Greenwood converted from the penalty spot, before the defender inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking twist of events, Goncalo Ramos snatched a vital leveler in the final moments to force the match into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then stood as the hero, saving decisive attempts from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all converted successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a convincing penalty victory.
Now 14-time winners Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now won this competition for the twelfth time in the last thirteen years.